Why is My Cat Vomiting? Understanding Possible Causes and Treatments

Question: Vets, please help - desperate for answers for my sick cat.

Winnie is 8 years old and was completely healthy until we took her in to get some teeth pulled. She reacted horribly to the sedatives and pain meds but they don’t know why (fever, throwing up dark red blood, not eating or drinking for 4 days, high respiratory rate). She was transferred to an emergency vet where she was in an oxygen tank, got a feeding tube, and blood transfusion. After that, she was doing much better, eating normally. We started lowering her steroid dose slowly and ever since she has been throwing up white foam multiple times immediately after eating. She’s gotten anti-nausea meds, antacids, is back on steroids, and on prescription wet food. She’s still throwing up probably one session (3 vomits) a day. She has gotten countless scans and blood tests - nothing is abnormal and no signs of cancer. Vet assumes IBD but even her ultrasound showed minimal inflammation in her GI tract. We are 12k in and have gotten no answers and are desperate to help our poor girl get back to her normal self.

Answer: Understanding Possible Causes and Treatments for Vomiting in Cats

Possible Causes of Vomiting in Cats

Vomiting in cats can be a sign of various underlying issues ranging from mild to severe. Common causes include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: Ingesting something indigestible or allergic reactions to food can cause vomiting.
• Infections: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can lead to vomiting.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Although your cat's ultrasound shows minimal inflammation, IBD can still be a culprit.
• Kidney or liver disease: These conditions can result in vomiting due to toxin accumulation.
• Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas can cause vomiting.
• Medications: Reactions to anesthetics, sedatives, and pain medications can cause adverse symptoms.

Vomiting in Cats - MSD Veterinary Manual

Diagnostic Tests and Treatments

It's essential to understand the specific cause of vomiting to tailor the appropriate treatment. Below are some diagnostic strategies and possible treatments:

Diagnostic Tests

1. Blood tests: Assess for infections, organ function, and electrolyte imbalances.
2. Imaging: X-rays and ultrasounds to look for physical obstructions or organ anomalies.
3. Endoscopy: A camera inserted into the stomach to check for internal issues.
4. Biopsies: Taking tissue samples to identify inflammatory cells indicative of IBD or other conditions.

Treatments

1. Hydration: Intravenous or subcutaneous fluids to prevent dehydration.
2. Dietary Modifications: Trying hypoallergenic or novel protein diets (such as lamb or venison) to rule out food allergies.
3. Medications: Antiemetics for nausea, antacids for stomach upset, and steroids for inflammatory conditions.
4. Surgery: Rarely needed but could be considered for severe cases where physical obstructions exist.

Gastritis and Related Disorders - MSD Veterinary Manual

Additional Considerations

If your cat is not responding to the current treatment plan, consider a second opinion from a specialist, such as a veterinary internist. Ongoing monitoring and tailored adjustments to medication and diet are crucial for managing vomiting in cats effectively.

Final Thoughts

Dealing with a vomiting cat can be stressful and emotionally draining. Continual communication with your veterinarian and exploring all diagnostic avenues are vital in finding a resolution. Your cat’s symptoms could very well be multifactorial, and patience, along with diligent management, will help in finding the right treatment path for Winnie.

Please remember, the above information is for general guidance, and a detailed assessment from a vet is irreplaceable when addressing health issues in your pets.